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Type of small family-owned business in Indonesia
A warung (old spelling: waroeng or warong) is a type of small family-owned business — small retail, eatery, or café — in Indonesia.[1] A warung is an essential part of daily life in Indonesia. Over time, the term warung has shifted somewhat — especially among foreign visitors, expatriates, and people abroad — to refer more specifically to a modest Indonesian eatery or a place that sells Indonesian retail items (mostly groceries or foodstuff).[2] But for the majority of Indonesians, it still refers to a small, neighborhood convenience shop, often a front room or booth in a family's home.
There are tourist-serving establishments on the island of Bali and elsewhere that attach the term warung to their business to indicate their Indonesian nature.[3] Traditionally, warung is indeed a family-owned business, run by the family members, mostly by women.[4]
Traditional warungs are made from wood, bamboo, or woven thatch. More permanent warungs are stalls made from bricks and concrete, which are often family-owned businesses attached to their homes. Some smaller portable warungs are made from tin, zinc, or molded fiberglass in some modern versions. Warung tenda is a portable tent-based warung, covered with canvas, fabric, tarp, or plastic sheet tent for roofing.
The term warung simply denotes a wide category of small businesses, either a small retail shop or an eatery. It is widely used in Java and most of Indonesia. In certain parts of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, the word kedai is sometimes used as well. In Javanese culture areas, such as in Yogyakarta, Semarang, and Surakarta, its counterpart term wedhangan or angkringan is more commonly found.[4] On the other hand, the term toko is used for a larger and more established shop.
The term can be used to loosely refer to many other types of shops, including the wartel (short for warung telepon, essentially a manned phone booth) and warnet (short for warung internet Internet café).
There are many kinds of warung, some take the form of a small shop that sells cold bottled drinks, candy, cigarettes, snacks, krupuk, and other daily necessities, while the larger ones are small restaurant establishments. A warung that sells food typically sells easily-prepared local foods; pisang goreng and many kinds of gorengan, nasi goreng (fried rice), and mie goreng (fried noodles).
On the resort island of Bali and Lombok, warung might refer to a touristy cabana cafe that sells locals' favourites as well as Asian or Western food. Other than Indonesian dishes, on their menu, there might be a selection of soups, steaks, fries, sandwiches, or grilled fish.
Some types of warung are:
Most of the time, warung are named after the main dishes they sell. For example, warung bubur kacang ijo or warung burjo sells bubur kacang hijau, warung roti bakar sells grilled bread, warung pecel lele sells pecel lele or fried catfish with sambal, while warung indomie sells cooked instant noodles, although the brand might not always be Indomie.
Warung rokok, cigarette-selling warung.
Warung kopi, small coffee shop selling coffee, tea, and snacks.
Warung Tegal, selling Javanese food from Tegal.
on boat on the bank of the
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